role of hybridization in evolution

JSTOR®, the JSTOR logo, JPASS®, Artstor®, Reveal Digital™ and ITHAKA® are registered trademarks of ITHAKA. De-domestication or feralization is an interesting phenomenon in crops and livestock. Hybridization boosts evolution. Base… The importance of hybridization in plant speciation and evolution has been debated for decades, with opposing views of hybridization as ei-ther a creative evolutionary force or evolutionary noise. Hybridization may influence evolution in a variety of ways. through excellence in scholarly research, professional meetings, publications, Previously, reproductive isolation between two species and their parents was thought to be particularly difficult to achieve, and thus hybrid species were thought to be very rare. Learn about our remote access options, Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. Interpreting the effect of hybridization is critical for understanding context and processes of human evolution; recent methodological advances in ancient DNA analysis have uncovered evidence of interbreeding between humans and several extinct hominin … Hybrid vigor can sometimes be observed by breeding different species, in a manner similar to heterosis, obtained by breeding distinct genetically pure lines within a species. If some hybrid genotypes are fitter than one or both parents, at least in some environments, then hybridization could make a positive contribution. With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. Natural hybridization and subsequent introgression are creative evolutionary forces in plants (Anderson and Stebbins 1954, Soltis and Soltis 2009). Hybridization and introgression in parasites and pathogens can have major impacts on the host and the epidemiology and evolution of disease. Philosophical Society promotes useful knowledge in the sciences and humanities Hybridization in fungi has recently been recognized as a major force in the generation of new fungal plant pathogens. Single alleles that are at an advantage in the alternative environment and genetic background will introgress readily, although such introgression may be hard to detect. This process is termed introgressive hybridization and involves extensive backcrossing between hybrid and the parental species. If hybrids are less fit, the geographical range of ecologically divergent populations may be limited, and prezygotic reproductive isolation may be reinforced. Role of Mutation in Plant Breeding: Plant breeding aims at improving the crop quality but improving the heredity through the cross hybridization technique. (2018, August 8). The second important aspect influencing the role of interspecies hybridization in natural evolution is the fitness of hybrids. This confirms a priori arguments that while recombinant hybrids are less fit on average, some gene combinations may be fitter than the parents, even in the parental environment. Hybrids plants are important not only to understand evolution, but also in economic terms. Hybridization may influence evolution in a variety of ways. It has been said that initially Linnaeus viewed each species as a distinctly created kind. University of Konstanz. Thus, some traits are more likely to reveal hybrid ancestry than others. The T. turgidum wheats are self-fertilizing, but genetic analyses have shown that natural hybridization and introgression had an important role in their diversification. Hybrid speciation may occur at either the homoploid (i.e., between two species of the same ploidy) or the polyploid level, each with its attendant genetic and evolutionary consequences. 103, No. But inter- Abstract While homoploid hybridization was viewed as maladaptive by zoologists, the possibility that it might play a creative role in evolution was explored and debated by … In Israel, wild emmer wheat plants with variable intermediate phenotypes are sporadically observed. Recent genomic studies in rice, barley, and wheat provide comprehensive landscapes of de-domestication on a whole-genome scale. 2, Commemoration of the Centennial of the Publication of "The Oriǵin of Species" by Charles Darwin (Apr. Hybridization is recognized as an important process in plant evolution, and this may be particularly true for island plants where several biotic and … Evidence that coral hybrids colonize marginal habitats distinct from those of parental species' and that hybridization may be more frequent at peripheral boundaries … While these processes have frequently been observed in widespread species with contiguous distributions, many Heliconius species inhabit patchy or rare habitats that may strongly influence the origin and spread of … Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. A recent review in Trends in Ecology & Evolution argues that this phenomenon reveals something fundamental about how new species form. His book is highly theoretical and speculative, and is supported by very few actual examples. Although supporting data as detailed and as thoroughly analyzed as Eizirik’s is rare, the underlying idea that hybridization contributes to species development is by no means new. If some hybrid genotypes are fitter than one or both parents, at least in some environments, then hybridization could make a positive contribution. Proceedings articles generally are 30 pages in length or less, although exceptions are made.

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